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Date of Issue : Jun 1999 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : TRICHLOROETHYLENE Other Names : UN No. : 1710 Dangerous Goods Class : 6.1 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : 2Z Pack Group : III EPG : 37 Poisons Schedule : 6 Uses : Metal degreasing; extraction solvent for oils, fats, waxes; solvent dyeing; dry cleaning; refrigerant and heat-exchange liquid; fumigant; cleaning and drying electronic parts; diluent in paints and adhesives; textile processing; chemical intermediate; aerospace operations (flushing liquid oxygen).
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Colourless photoreactive liquid, chloroform-like odour. Formula : CHCl:CCl2 Boiling Point : 86.7 deg C Melting Point : -84.8 deg C Vapour Pressure : 86hPa mm Hg (1 atmosphere) Specific Gravity : N/A (water = 1) Flash Point : None pH : N/A () Solubility in water : 1100 g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 8 Upper Explosion Limit : 10.5 1.2 Other Properties
Boiling point: 86.7 deg C @ 1013hPa (1mmHg=133.3Pa). Flammability: LEL - 8% vol. @ 25 deg C, UEL - 10.5% @ 25 deg C, LEL - 7.8% @ 100 deg C, UEL - 52% @ 100 deg C. Autoflammability: 420 deg C. Explosive properites: not explosive. Comburent properties: no oxidizing properties. Vapour pressure: 86 hPa @ 20 deg C, 90.8 hPa @ 25 deg C, 590 hPa @ 70 deg C. Relative density: 1.4649. Vapour density (air=1): 4.54. Solubilty: in water - 1100 mg/l @ 25 deg C, in fat - not available. Miscibility with other solvents: soluble in the majority of organic or chlorinated solvents. Octanol/water partition coefficient: log pow - 2.29. Viscosity: 0.55 cP @ 20 deg C. Decomposition temperature: >120 deg C. 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
If swallowed, breath with the odour of chloroform. Mouth and throat irritation. Nausea, retching, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Feeling of intoxication, agitation, vertigo, and drowsiness. Risk of palpitations. Risk of alteration in liver and kidney functions. Eye
Symptoms: (fumes) - slight irritation. (Liquids) - intense irritation, reddening of the eyes, risk of temporary eye lesions. Skin
Slight irritation, reddening of the skin, Repeated contact - dry and cracked skin, risk of dermatitis. Prolonged contact - risk of burns (formation of blisters). Inhaled
Inhalation of fumes - slight nasal irritation. At high concentrations - light headedness, drowsiness, and deep stupor. Risk of palpitations. Risk of chemically induced bronchial pneumonia and of pulmonary oedema. In cases of repeated and prolonged exposure, lethargy and the risk of irregularities of the nervous system. Expected delayed effects - chemically induced pneumonia, pulmonary oedema with coughing and toxic symptoms. 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
Repeated contact with the liquid can cause dermatitis. High concentrations can irritate the eyes and nose. Acute exposure can cause depression of the central nervous system, liver damage, and ultimately death. Symptoms of overexposure include general indiposition, dizziness, headache, increased perspiration, staggering and slowing down of mental capacity. Chronic poisoning in man repeated and/or prolonged exposure may result in liver disfunction, anemia, intolerance to alcohol (which appears as temporary skin reddening), effects on the peripheral nervous system (neuritis). Moreover dermatitis of allergic nature can occur.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
Call a doctor in all cases. Arrange urgent transportation to hospital. If subject is conscious rinse mouth with fresh water. DO NOT induce vomiting. If subject is unconscious, loosen collar and other clothing and lay patient on left side in recovery position. If necessary, carry out heart-lung resuscitation or administer oxygen. Ensure patient does not become cold (keep patient covered).
Eye
Wash eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids well open. In all cases consult an eye specialist.
Skin
Remove shoes, socks and contaminated garments and wash the affected skin with soap and water. Put on clean garments. Call a doctor in cases where pain is persistent or where there is reddening of the skin.
Inhaled
Move the subject away from contaminated area as quickly as possible, into a quiet, cool and well-ventilated area, maintaining a supine position (lying on one's back, resting) with raised torso. If necessary, begin artificial heart and/or lung resuscitation or administer oxygen. Ensure patient does not become cold (keep patient covered). In the case of symptoms affecting the respiratory system or the nervous system, consult a doctor.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Treat symptomatically based on the judgement of doctor and individual reactions of patient. Do not administer medicines which imitate the effects of adrenilin.
2.6 Toxicity Data
200 - 400 ppm (in man) concentrations can cause anaesthesic and light irritant effects. 1000 - 2000 ppm can provoke rapidly giddiness or drunkenness sensations. A progressive increase of the concentration or of the exposure period can provoke unconsciousness and even death. Inhalation: LC50 (rat) 5918 ppm. Ingestion: LD50 (mouse) 2850 mg/kg body weight. Skin and eye contact: LD50 (rabbit) >29000 mg/kg body weight via skin. Irritation: highly irritant to skin (rabbit), slightly irritant to eyes (rabbit). Carcinogeneity: carcinogenic effect on mouse orally only in animals treated with high doses of product containing carcinogenic stabilizers. Inhalation some positive results, even in product not containing carcinogenic stabilizers. No extrapolation to man for non toxic doses. Mutagenicity: many tests with negative or uncertain resuls. Some positive test the role of stabilizers and impurities appear suspicious. Reproductive toxicity (including teratogenicity): some effects of foetotoxicity and maternal toxicity have been noted by inhalation of doses higher than 300 - 500 ppm, depending on the rat strain. Narcosis: narcotic (8), (9), (13).
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
TLV-TWA: 50 ppm, A5 = 269 mg/m3. TLV-STEL: 100 ppm, A5 = 537 mg/m3. A5 = not suspected as a human carcinogen. The agent is not suspected as a human carcinogen on the basis of properly conducted epidemiologic studies in humans. These studies have sufficiently long follow-up, reliable exposure histories, sufficiently high dose, and adequate statistical power to conclude that exposure to the agent does not convey a significant risk of cancer to humans. Evidience suggesting a lack of carcinogenicity in experimental animals will be considered if it is supported by other relevent data.
3.2 Engineering Controls
Operate under a hood in chemical laboratory. Ventilate closed rooms, ensuring contaminated air is withdrawn to a safe area, bearing in mind that the fumes will be heavier than air. Provide suitable local fume extraction system in area of possible leakage. Used closed circuit air breathing apparatus if operating in confined environment, if oxygen content of the air is insufficient or in the case of significant leakage of the substance.
3.3 Personal Protection
Respiratory protection: full face mask with organic vapour filter (type A) or self contained breathing apparatus. Hand protection: gloves made from neoprene, nitrile or butyl rubber or other impermeable material. Eye protection: safety goggles and face shield. Skin protection: normal working garments, rubber boots. Specific hygiene measures: keep ordinary clothes and working clothes separately. Wash hads prior to coating. Do not continue to wear contaminated clothing.
3.4 Flammability
The material is not flammable. The stabilised product is normally stable in air and light. It decomposes emitting toxic fumes when in contact with naked flame or heated metal surfaces. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Ensure venitlation of warehouse. Keep away from incompatible materials. Avoid strong bases (sodium and potassium hydroxide, they form chloroacetylene, a toxic and explosive substance), finely powdered zinc and aluminium. Avoid heat above 120 deg C (naked flames, etc). Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area away from open flames and combustible substances. Take precautions against static discharges.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 1710 Class 6.1 Sub Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code 2Z Pack Group III EPG No. 37 Shipping Name TRICHLOROETHYLENE Hazard HARMFUL
Risk Phrases R40:TRCHLO Possible risk of irreversible effects. Carcinogenic effects (Category 3).
Safety Phrases S23:TRCHLO Do not breathe fumes/vapour/spray. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Cleanup personnel shopuld wear full protective clothing and use self contained breathing apparatus. Stop the spillage if this operation is not dangerous. If possible, move damaged container outside to an isolated and well ventilated area and transfer contents to another container. Provide adequate ventilation. Isolate contaminated area. Remove all non-essential personnel from area. Eliminate sources of combustion (open flames, sparks, heated surfaces, etc) to avoid possibility of decomposition. Do not allow product to enter drains, surface water, ground water, or soil. Advise relevent authorities.
Use sand or earth as absorbent material. Reduce spread of fumes using water spray. Wash out small spillages with large amounts of water, taking the necessary measures to avoid pollution problems.
Disposal
Surplus pure product: if no longer reusable, contact a disposal firm, authorised to deal with toxic and hazardous waste. Burn in authorised incineration plant equipped to recieve CHLORINATED toxic and hazardous liquid waste OR (valid also for wastewater in case of spillage) convey to a sewer system leadinf to a purification plant appropriate for the remooval of this compound, using stripping methods, activated carbon or anaerobic bio-oxidation with appropriate bacteria. Waste resulting from the use of this product: it must be sent to an authorised disposal firm dealing with toxic and hazardous waste, a and who will extract the solvent (and recycle it) as well as dispose of the remaining waste in compliance with the law, supplying client with a certificate of disposal. Contaminated containers: non-reusable metallic drums, upon emptying and reclamation, can be disposed of in a controlled landfilling according to national rules and regulations. National or regional provisions in force: as required by rules and regulations of each interested country, if any.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
The product is not flammable. If exposed to fire, the material will decompose forming toxic fumes. Cool down containers exposed to fire, spraying them with water spray.
Extinguishing Media
Firefighters should wear full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Cool down fire exposed containers with water spray. There is no extinguishing media that is not suitable for safety reasons with respect to Trichloroethylene. Trichloroethylene will decompose when expose to elevated temperatures to form toxic fumes, including HCL, Cl2, and Phosgene. Used closed circuit breathing apparatus where there is the necessity for' intervention at close quarters or within a confined environment. In case of interventions at close quarters operators must be: well informed about the harardous of the product, properly trained, and protected by appropriate fireproof clothing and equipment. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
The substabce is toxic to aquatic organisms. It poses limited danger to the environment for the following reasons: low presistence (50% evapoates from water in a few minutes; the lifetime in atmosphere is 7-8 days), low potential for biaccumulation, high volatility, biodegradable (in adapted anaerobic conditions) Aquatic toxicity: LC50 (fish) - 45 mg/l (96h). EC50 (crustaceans) - 7.8 mg/l (48h). EC50 (algae) - 175 mg/l (10-28days). Chronic toxicity: LC50 (fish) - 55 mg/l (14 days). LC100 (fish) - 660 mg/l (60 days). NOEC (fish) - 5.76 mg/l (10-28days). Mobilty: Air - Henry's constant H = 0.0103 atm m3/mol @ 25 deg C, H is high, subject to rapid volatilization from aqueous systems and a clear partition in air-phase favour. Water: evaporation - t 1/2 < 30 min in laboratory experiment, t 1/2 = 5.7 days in rivers. Soils, sediements: Koc = 87 - 150, release of Trichloroethylene on the surface of soil will evaporate rapidly. If it can reach the water table, it can contaminate extensive areas. Persistence and biodegradability: indirect photo - oxidation with radicals OH: t 1/2 = 3-7 days. Stratosphere air: no negative effects on ozone layer.
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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